Kugeza ubu, urwego rw’umutekano rwo kumenya gufunga ubwenge n’ikigo cya mbere mu gihugu cy’ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange, ikigo cya gatatu cya minisiteri y’umutekano w’ibizamini bya minisiteri y’umutekano rusange n’inzego zimenyekanisha mu mahanga za UL, imiterere y’ibanze (nka Intara ya Zhejiang ifunga ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, nibindi).Muri byo, Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange Ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Beijing n’ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Shanghai.
Ku mishinga, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa nishingiro ryizina ryumushinga no kwamamaza.Ubwiza n'imikorere yo gufunga umuryango wubwenge bigira ingaruka zitaziguye kumutekano wumuryango wabantu, umutekano wumutungo, ibipimo bihuriweho, sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge, iterambere rirambye ryinganda zifunga ubwenge zifite uruhare runini.Kubwibyo, binyuze mubuyobozi bubishinzwe gutahura no gutanga ibyemezo, nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gusuzuma niba ubwiza bwo gufunga ubwenge bwujuje ibisabwa.
Nibihe bipimo ngenderwaho byo kumenya ubwenge?
Kugeza ubu, ibipimo byubwenge byo murugo bikubiyemo cyane cyane gusohora 2001 GA374-2001 ya elegitoroniki yo kurwanya ubujura;Yatanzwe muri 2007 “GA701-2007 igikumwe cyo kurwanya ubujura gufunga ibintu rusange bya tekiniki”;Na JG / T394-2012 Ibisabwa muri tekiniki rusange yo kubaka Intelligent Lock yasohotse muri 2012.
Ibipimo bibiri byambere bitangwa na minisiteri yumutekano rusange, kandi gufunga ubwenge bikoreshwa cyane mumiryango yumutekano, ibipimo bibiri byambere nibyo bikoreshwa cyane;
Mu myaka ibiri ishize hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya interineti, ikoranabuhanga ry’imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’umusaruro watejwe imbere cyane, kugira ngo uhuze n’iterambere ry’inganda zifunga ubwenge, “GA374-2001 hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa elegitoroniki bwo kurwanya ubujura” kandi "GA701-2007 igikumwe cyo kurwanya ubujura gufunga ibintu rusange bya tekiniki" birakorwa kandi biravugururwa.
Nibihe bikubiye mubintu byo gufunga ubwenge?
Kugeza ubu, urwego rw’umutekano rwo kumenya gufunga ubwenge n’ikigo cya mbere mu gihugu cy’ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange, ikigo cya gatatu cya minisiteri y’umutekano w’ibizamini bya minisiteri y’umutekano rusange n’inzego zimenyekanisha mu mahanga za UL, imiterere y’ibanze (nka Intara ya Zhejiang ifunga ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, nibindi).Muri byo, Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange Ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Beijing n’ikigo cy’ibizamini cya Shanghai.
Kugeza ubu, gutahura ibyingenzi n’ibintu, cyane cyane birimo imikorere y’amashanyarazi, imikorere y’umutekano wo kurwanya ubujura, kugenzura igihe kirekire, kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe, guhuza ibidukikije n’ibidukikije, guhuza amashanyarazi, guhuza amashanyarazi, ubwinshi bw’amashanyarazi n'ibindi.
Fata "GA374-2001 ya elegitoroniki yo kurwanya ubujura bwo gufunga" nk'urugero (kuri ubu ikoreshwa cyane, mugihe cyose ririmo kurwanya ubujura, cyane cyane mubikorwa byo murugo byashyizwe mubikorwa).Icya mbere ni abakoresha ikibazo gihangayikishije cyane ni ugukoresha ingufu zifunga ubwenge, bityo gufunga ubwenge nibintu byingenzi bigenzurwa ni "amabwiriza ya undervoltage", uhereye kubisabwa bisanzwe, mugihe cyose binyuze mugushakisha ibifunga ubwenge, gusimbuza bateri birashobora gukoreshwa mumezi arenga atandatu, byibuze ubungubu, urwego rwinganda nurufunga rwubwenge rufite rwose rushobora gukoreshwa amezi arenga icumi.
Ihohoterwa rifunguye naryo ni ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumutekano wugufunga ubwenge, bityo "lock shell strength" nayo igomba kugenzura umushinga, "GA374-2001 electronique anti-ubujura bwo gufunga" ibisabwa, igikonjo cyo gufunga kigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije no gukomera. , irashobora kwihanganira 110N igitutu na 2.65J ikizamini cyingufu;
Usibye gufunga igikonoshwa, imbaraga zururimi rufunga nazo zigira uruhare runini mukurinda ihohoterwa ridafungura, kubyerekeye ibisabwa bya tekiniki bijyanye.
Usibye ihohoterwa, abantu bitondera cyane imikorere yo kurwanya ikoranabuhanga."GA374-2001 ikoreshwa rya elegitoroniki irwanya ubujura" ibisabwa, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa tekinike yabigize umwuga kugirango ishyire mu bikorwa tekinike ifunguye, Icyiciro cya elegitoroniki cyo kurwanya ubujura ntigishobora gufungurwa mu minota 5, B icyiciro cya elegitoroniki cyo kurwanya ubujura ntigishobora gufungurwa mu minota 10 (.
Impuruza yo kurwanya ibyangiritse nayo ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi byerekana ubwenge bwo gufunga ubwenge, “GA374-2001 hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa elegitoroniki bwo kurwanya ubujura”, igihe bitatu bikurikiranye bikurikirana imikorere itari yo, gufunga ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bigomba kuba bishobora gutanga amajwi / urumuri ibyerekana nibimenyetso byerekana ibyasohotse, mugihe ubuso bwo kurinda bwangijwe ningufu ziva hanze, kimwe no gutanga ibimenyetso byerekana (reba hano hepfo).
Mubyongeyeho, ubwinshi bwingenzi, gusohora electrostatike, ubudahangarwa, gucana umuriro, ubushyuhe buke, imbaraga zibice byintoki nabyo nibyingenzi byingenzi byo gutahura no kugenzura ubwenge.
Nubuhe buryo bwo kugenzura gufunga ubwenge?
Kugeza ubu, kugenzura no kwipimisha bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: ubugenzuzi bwakozwe, kugenzura ubwoko no gukora ikizamini cyo hasi.Igenzura ryashinzwe ni ukwereka uruganda kugenzura no gusuzuma ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa bitanga, bigurisha kuriwo, guha urwego rwubugenzuzi rufite ibyangombwa byubugenzuzi byemewe n'amategeko gukora igenzura.Ishirahamwe rishinzwe ubugenzuzi rigenzura ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe ibisanzwe cyangwa amasezerano y’amasezerano, kandi bigaha umukiriya raporo y’ubugenzuzi.Mubisanzwe, ibisubizo byubugenzuzi bishinzwe gusa icyitegererezo kiza.
Ubwoko bwigenzura nugusuzuma ibicuruzwa bimwe cyangwa byinshi byerekana ibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe igenzura.Muri iki gihe, ingano y’icyitegererezo gisabwa kugira ngo igenzurwe igenwa n’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge n’ubuhanga cyangwa ibigo by’ubugenzuzi kandi ingero zifunze zapimwe aho hantu.Imbuga zicyitegererezo zatoranijwe kubicuruzwa byanyuma byinganda zikora.Ahantu hagenzurwa hazaba ikigo cyigenga cyemewe.Igenzura ryubwoko rikoreshwa cyane cyane kurangiza burundu isuzuma ryibicuruzwa no gusuzuma ibicuruzwa byose byujuje ubuziranenge bwibigo kugirango byuzuze ibipimo ngenderwaho nibisabwa mu rubanza.
Niba bashinzwe ubugenzuzi, imishinga ifunga ubwenge mubigo byatoranijwe (nka kimwe cyangwa bitatu), mubigo bishinzwe ibizamini cyangwa bashinzwe kugenzura protocole yibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike (reba imbonerahamwe), hanyuma wuzuze izina ryumushinga, icyitegererezo cyibicuruzwa nibindi bifitanye isano amakuru, nyuma yicyitegererezo cyanyuma cya Courier cyangwa yoherejwe mubigo bishinzwe ubugenzuzi, kwishyura gutegereza ibisubizo.
Niba ari ubugenzuzi bwubwoko, birakenewe kandi kuzuza "Amasezerano yo kugenzura ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki", hanyuma ukuzuza "Ifishi yo gusaba Ubwoko", hanyuma ikigo cyipimisha kizakora icyitegererezo no gufunga ibicuruzwa.
Icyemezo cyo gufunga umuryango wubwenge
Kwemeza ni uburyo bwo kwishingira inguzanyo.Dukurikije ibisobanuro by’umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku bipimo ngenderwaho (ISO) na komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’amashanyarazi (IEC), bivuga ku bikorwa byo gusuzuma ihuriro ry’ibicuruzwa, serivisi n’imicungire y’umuryango bigaragazwa n’urwego rwemewe n’igihugu rwemeza ko rwujuje ibipimo bijyanye, ibisobanuro bya tekiniki (TS) cyangwa ibisabwa byateganijwe.
Icyemezo ukurikije impamyabumenyi isabwa kigabanijwemo ibyemezo byubushake no gutanga ibyemezo byubwoko bubiri, kubushake nishyirahamwe ukurikije ishyirahamwe ubwaryo cyangwa abakiriya baryo, impande zijyanye nibisabwa kubushake bwo gusaba kubushake.Harimo ibigo bitashyizwe mubitabo byemewe bya CCC kubicuruzwa bisabwa.
Icyemezo cya GA kirakoreshwa ku kimenyetso cy’ibicuruzwa by’umutekano by’Ubushinwa bikoreshwa n’ibicuruzwa byemejwe n’ikigo cy’ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga kirinda umutekano mu Bushinwa.
Mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka wa 2007, ikigo cy’ubushinwa gishinzwe kurinda umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa cyatangiye gutegura ibyemezo, ibipimo, ibizamini n’izindi mpuguke kugira ngo hakorwe ubushakashatsi bushoboka bwo gutanga ibyemezo ku bushake ku bice by’umutekano bikoreshwa bikoreshwa mu gufunga kurwanya ubujura.Mu mpera z'Ugushyingo 2008, hashyizweho “ibicuruzwa bikingira ikoranabuhanga mu kurinda umutekano ku bushake amategeko yo gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo byo kurwanya ubujura” (umushinga) n'inzego zishinzwe gucunga inganda, ibizamini, ibipimo, ibigo ndetse n'ikigo gishinzwe gutanga ikoranabuhanga mu kurinda umutekano mu Bushinwa ndetse n'ibindi bice bya impuguke n'abakozi ba tekiniki bigizwe nitsinda ryihariye ryitsinda ryanyuma, Byemejwe kumugaragaro na Biro yubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga Kumenyekanisha Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange ku ya 18 Gashyantare 2009.
Byumvikane ko imurikagurisha ry’ikigo cy’umutekano cyo gukumira ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano mu Bushinwa ryerekana ibyemezo bya elegitoroniki birwanya ubujura bwa GA, ryakoreshejwe na Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange ryatangaje GA374 “inganda zirwanya ubujura”.Ubushakashatsi n’ibicuruzwa bikurikije amahame yo gufunga imiryango ifite ubwenge, byizewe, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi, n’ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano mu Bushinwa kugira ngo birinde ibyemezo by’ikigo ndetse n’ikigo cya mbere cy’ubushakashatsi cya Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange cyipimishije umutekano. ubwoko bwikigo cyo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki birwanya ubujura "gufunga ubwenge bwumuryango", ntabwo byagaragaye muri "agasanduku kirabura" raporo ifunguye.
Kubwibyo, birashobora kugaragara ko ibibazo biboneka mumuryango wubwenge byubwenge bishobora gukumirwa mugushimangira uburyo bwimikorere yubuziranenge, gutahura no kwemeza.Ibi bivuze kandi ko kugirango uzamure ibipimo byibicuruzwa, urebe neza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, uyobore abakoresha mugugura inzugi zumuryango zubwenge guhitamo no kugura ibicuruzwa bifite ikimenyetso cya GA ni ngombwa cyane.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza iterambere rishya ry’ifunga ry’ubwenge, nk’uko bivugwa n’umuntu ubishinzwe, abayobozi b’inganda bariho ubu bashinzwe imitunganyirize ya komite ishinzwe umutekano, ikigo cyemeza, ikigo cy’ibizamini n’ibindi bice hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi kandi isesengura, kuri coil ya Tesla "agasanduku gato k'umukara" fungura ikibazo cyubwenge bwumuryango ikibazo cyo guhangana.Bitewe no kuzuza umutekano wavuguruwe wo kurwanya ubujura (GB10409) hamwe n’ibipimo bya elegitoroniki birwanya ubujura (GA374), ku buryo bwo gufunga ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki hifashishijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho mpuzamahanga byazamuye umutekano muke, ibiro bya Minisiteri y’umutekano rusange ibaruwa y’ishami bizashyirwaho kugirango byihutishe kwemeza inzira zombi zubahirizwa, gukora ibifunga ibisabwa byumutekano bijyanye kugirango ukore mugihe cyubwenge bwa elegitoroniki bwo kurwanya ubujura bwihuse byihuse, cyane cyane mubyemezo bya GA.Byongeye kandi, bizashimangira kandi kumenyekanisha no gushyira mu bikorwa igipimo cya “Electronic Anti-ubujura Lock”, cyane cyane imirimo yo gutanga ibyemezo bya GA, kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge bw’ifunga rya elegitoroniki rirwanya ubujura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-23-2021